Products
Lifecosm Leishmania Ab Test Kit
LSH Ab Test Kit
| Leishmania Ab Test Kit | |
| Catalog number | RC-CF24 |
| Summary | Detection of specific antibodies of Leishmaniawithin 10 minutes |
| Principle | One-step immunochromatographic assay |
| Detection Targets | L. chagasi, L. infantum, and L. donovani antiboies |
| Sample | Canine whole blood, serum or plasma |
| Reading time | 5 ~ 10 minutes |
| Sensitivity | 98.9 % vs. IFA |
| Specificity | 100.0 % vs. IFA |
| Limit of Detection | IFA Titer 1/32 |
| Quantity | 1 box (kit) = 10 devices (Individual packing) |
| Contents | Test kit, Buffer bottle, and Disposable droppers |
| Storage | Room Temperature (at 2 ~ 30℃) |
| Expiration | 24 months after manufacturing |
| Caution | Use within 10 minutes after opening Use appropriate amount of sample (0.01 ml of a dropper) Use after 15~30 minutes at RT if they are stored under cold circumstances Consider the test results as invalid after 10 minutes |
Information
Leishmaniasis is a major and severe parasitic disease of humans, canines and felines. The agent of leishmaniasis is a protozoan parasite and belongs to the leishmania donovani complex. This parasite is widely distributed in temperate and subtropical countries of Southern Europe, Africa, Asia, South America and Central America. Leishmania donovani infantum (L. infantum) is responsible for the feline and canine disease in Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia. Canine Leishmaniasis is a severe progressive systemic disease. Not all dogs develop clinical disease after inoculation with the parasites. The development of clinical disease is dependent on the type of immune response that individual animals have
against the parasites.
Symptoms
In Canine
Both visceral and cutaneous manifestations may be found simultaneously in dogs; unlike humans, separate cutaneous and visceral syndromes are not seen. The clinical signs are variable and can mimic other infections. Asymptomatic infections can also occur. Typical visceral signs may include fever (which can be intermittent), anemia, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, lethargy, decreased exercise tolerance, weight loss, and a decreased appetite. Less common visceral signs include diarrhea, vomiting, melena, glomerulonephritis,
liver failure, epistaxis, polyuria-polydipsia, sneezing, lameness (due to
polyarthritis or myositis), ascites, and chronic colitis.
In Feline
Cats are rarely infected. In most infected cats, the lesions are limited to crusted cutaneous ulcers, usually found on the lips, nose, eyelids, or pinnae. Visceral lesions and signs are rare.
Life cycle
The life cycle is completed in two hosts. A vertebrate host and an invertebrate host (sandfly). The female sand fly feeds on vertebrate host and ingests amastigotes. Flagellated promastigotes develop in the insect. The promastigotes are injected into the vertebrate host during feeding of the sandfly. The promastigotes develop into amastigotes and multiply primarily in the macrophages. Multiplication within the macrophages of the
skin, mucosa and viscera, causes cutaneous, mucosal and visceral leishmaniasis respectively
Diagnosis
In dogs, leishmaniasis is usually diagnosed by direct observation of the parasites, using Giemsa or proprietary quick stains, in smears from lymph node, spleen, or bone marrow aspirates, tissue biopsies, or skin scrapings from lesions. Organisms may also be found in ocular lesions, particularly in granulomas. The amastigotes are round to oval parasites, with a round basophilic nucleus and a small rod-like kinetoplast. They are found in macrophages or freed from ruptured cells. Immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
techniques are also used.
Prevention
The drugs most commonly used are: Meglumine Antimoniate associated with Allopurinol, Aminosidine, and recently, Amphotericin B. All these drugs require a multiple dose regimen, and this will depend on the patient's condition and owner cooperation. It is suggested that maintenance treatment should be kept with allopurinol, because it is not possible to ensure that dogs will not relapse if treatment is discontinued. The use of collars containing insecticides, shampoos or sprays effective to protect dogs from sandfly bites must be continuously used for all patients under treatment. The vector control is one of the most important aspects of disease control.
The sandfly is vulnerable to the same insecticides as the malaria vector.
